Procurement in SAP S/4HANA: From Purchase Requisition to Invoice, Contracts and MRP
As of 2026-10-31
Procure-to-pay in SAP S/4HANA links five documents: purchase requisition, purchase order, goods receipt, supplier invoice and the GR/IR clearing balance that proves the three-way match. This module explains the objects and tables behind each step, how the source of supply (info record, contract, scheduling agreement) and approvals are determined, what MRP Live does, and how to reproduce a requisition-to-invoice flow with a GR/IR balance in a trial system. It closes with the analytics and AI angle: procurement CDS views, replication into Datasphere, and Joule for requisitions.
What you will learn
- Trace one purchase order from `EBAN` through `EKKO`/`EKPO`, `MATDOC` and the invoice documents and name the table holding each fact
- Post a goods receipt and two supplier invoices against a purchase order and read the GR/IR balance per PO
- Explain how the source of supply is determined for a requisition and why MRP priority is scheduling agreement, contract, info record
- Configure the approval path for requisitions with the flexible workflow and state the default when none is configured
- Design a replication flow of procurement CDS views into Datasphere and name the check tools when a view is missing
Concept overview
Procurement in SAP S/4HANA is the chain that turns a need into a payable liability: a purchase requisition (EBAN) states the need, a purchase order (EKKO header, EKPO items) commits to a supplier, a goods receipt posts a material document (MATDOC) and an accounting document, and a supplier invoice is matched against both before it reaches accounts payable. The match of order, receipt and invoice is the three-way match, and the clearing account that proves it is the GR/IR account. SAP Learning describes exactly this posting logic in Understanding Purchasing (MM Integration): the goods receipt debits stock (or consumption) and credits GR/IR, and invoice verification debits GR/IR and credits the supplier.
Prerequisites
- Basic navigation in SAP Fiori launchpad
- Data model recap from M413 (MATDOC)
- Access to an SAP S/4HANA trial or appliance system
Outcomes
- Reproduce the lab: GR/IR credit 1,250.00 after two receipts and balance 0.00 after both invoices
- Name the GR/IR account key `WRX` and the stock key `BSX` and the posting logic of receipt and invoice
- Choose between Manage Purchase Orders and Create Purchase Order - Advanced using the documented feature check
- Read contract consumption and identify when a zero percent value is a known issue
- Define three GR/IR ageing measures for a Datasphere model
Full module with the Consultant plan — €19.90/month. The full module adds: the decision framework · the end-to-end scenario walkthrough · the KPI scorecard · the anti-patterns · the code blocks · the knowledge check · the diagrams.